tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36100892600363116852024-03-20T16:25:54.797-07:00ANATOMYsajolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03614417348000578758noreply@blogger.comBlogger7125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3610089260036311685.post-83230842108394343382011-10-11T01:37:00.000-07:002011-10-12T03:50:03.943-07:00EYES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5SWLnIdTzLIXjmsw_5k3jskJ82rqfyPwtClqgGc60Ulraf_t16sk6GAc2Vi7GUQajurgjxNhfTlAnSLlujyvIULkPRMDRszuc9MQei0_zHN-Pb_3PxbZEAWzSmjQO7A34-8uXri8EypQ/s1600/EYES2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5SWLnIdTzLIXjmsw_5k3jskJ82rqfyPwtClqgGc60Ulraf_t16sk6GAc2Vi7GUQajurgjxNhfTlAnSLlujyvIULkPRMDRszuc9MQei0_zHN-Pb_3PxbZEAWzSmjQO7A34-8uXri8EypQ/s320/EYES2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<b>Definition: </b><br />
The eyeball is the organ of sight (vision.)<br />
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Location: Orbit of the skull.<br />
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Shape: Spherical.<br />
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Diameter: 2.5 cm (1 inch).<br />
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<b>Structure of the eye:</b><br />
The <a href="http://anatomyinfo.weebly.com/">eye</a>ball is composed of three coats (tunics), a lens, and two principal cavities <br />
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<b>Coast (tunics) forming the wall of the eyeball:</b><br />
1. Outer / fibrous coat has two parts:-<br />
(a) The sclera is opaque and forms the posterior five-sixth of the eyeball. It is composed of dense fibrous tissue. It maintains the shape of the eyeball.<br />
(b) The cornea is transparent and forms the anterior one sixth of the eyeball.<br />
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2. <b>Middle / vascular coat has three parts :</b><br />
(a) The choroids, a thin pigmented layer. It is highly vascular and supplies nutrients and oxygen to the eye<br />
(b) The ciliary body, The thickened anterior portion that encircles the<a href="http://anatomyinfo.blog.com/"> lens</a>.<br />
(c) The iris, the most anterior portion of the vascular coat. It consists of pigment which gives the visible colour of the eye. Pupil is the round opening in the centre of the iris. It controlsthe amount of light to enter the eye.<br />
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3. Inner coat/Retina, the thin delicate inner layer of the eyeball. It is continuous with the optic nerve posteriorly.<br />
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<b>The retina contains two types of photoreceptors:</b><br />
(a) Rods can respond to dim light and are responsible for night vision.<br />
(b) cones respond only to bright light and are sensitive to colour vision. <br />
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<b>Layers of retina:</b><br />
The retina is composed of ten layers<br />
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outer pigment layer<br />
layer of rods and cones<br />
external limiting membrane<br />
outer nuclear layer<br />
outer plexiform layer<br />
inner nuclear layer<br />
inner plexiform layer<br />
ganglion cell layer<br />
optic nerve fibres layer<br />
internal limiting membrane<br />
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<b>lens:</b><br />
(a) The lens is a transparent.biconvex structure. It is placed between the an terior and posterior segments of the eye.<br />
(b) it is enclosed in a lens capsule and held in place by the suspensory ligament.<br />
*the lens acts like a camera lens. Refracting and focusing light onto the retina.<br />
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<b>Cavities of the eye:</b><br />
The interior of the eye is separated by the lens into two cavities:<br />
1. anterior cavity-is bounded in front by the cornea and behind by the lens and iris. It is filled with a clear. Water fluid called aqueous humour<br />
2. posterior cavity-lies be hind the lens. Occupying posterior 4/5th of the eyeball. It is filled with a transparent jelly-like mass called vitreous humour. <br />
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</div>sajolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03614417348000578758noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3610089260036311685.post-91555844623569736752011-10-11T01:32:00.000-07:002011-10-12T03:52:27.847-07:00LIVER<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicNStHOUDO4vb_5DlpoD7lnV3zIhkEiAbw457_KI0yj6buV09AUSotnDfVXtx4LTfff_l0GC4lYpP9qeJBdVzwp99Zzs-s-Ua3SLKXEhSDsj3GHaVsseuR3zEilS_f-faKZYdN-XuH3H4/s1600/LIVER2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicNStHOUDO4vb_5DlpoD7lnV3zIhkEiAbw457_KI0yj6buV09AUSotnDfVXtx4LTfff_l0GC4lYpP9qeJBdVzwp99Zzs-s-Ua3SLKXEhSDsj3GHaVsseuR3zEilS_f-faKZYdN-XuH3H4/s320/LIVER2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<b>The liver is the largest gland in the body, situated in the right hypochondrium andepigastric region.</b><br />
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<b>Surfaces of the<a href="http://anatomyinfo.weebly.com/"> liver</a>:</b><br />
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Diaphragmatic surface : smooth, dome-shaped, lies against the inferior surface of the diaphragm.<br />
Visceral surface : it is directed inferiorly and is covered with visceral peritoneum <a href="http://anatomyinfo.blog.com/">except</a> in the fossa of the gallbladder and the porta hepatic. <br />
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<b>The surface of the shows :</b><br />
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Gastric impression,<br />
Duodenal impression,<br />
Colic impression,<br />
Right renal impression,<br />
Right suprarenal (adrenal) impression,<br />
Fossae for gallbladder and inferior venacava <br />
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<b>Lobes of the liver:</b><br />
The right is divided into right and left lobes by fossae for the gallbladder and the inferior vena cava.<br />
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The right lobe of the liver is a single large lobe.<br />
The left lobe of the liver is smaller and divided into quadrate and caudate lobes.<br />
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<b>Structure of the liver:</b><br />
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The liver is covered by Glisson’s capsule.<br />
The basic structural of the liver cell, called hepatocyte. Hepatocytes from layer one or two cells thick, forming anastomosing cords or plates. These plates are separated from each other by large vascular spaces known as liver sinusoids. Hepatic macrophages (kupffer cells) are present among the hepatocytes lining the sinusoids.<br />
Hepatocytes are arranged in hexagonal-shaped lobules. These structural units are called classical liver lobules. The center of each classical lobule is occupied by the central vein.<br />
Where 3 classical lobules contact each other a triangular spaces are demarcated, know as portal lobules with centrally located portal triads. Each portal triad contains a portal venule, a hepatic arteriole and a bile ductile.<br />
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</div>sajolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03614417348000578758noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3610089260036311685.post-35704783391728384782011-10-11T01:29:00.000-07:002011-10-12T03:53:32.134-07:00JOINTS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3hOObL2RTYXLUFEKFcJKRI-tjZeZA08X32MQ9h59E5d1yc23QrDIHNJhg6qQSMojCwNbLls89PqPB91K93wOwH9TM-h9ipOq9aLhSiXtMZtFCnMp1g40KdN4htCB6LaDxVd5CFWb81tw/s1600/JOINTS.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3hOObL2RTYXLUFEKFcJKRI-tjZeZA08X32MQ9h59E5d1yc23QrDIHNJhg6qQSMojCwNbLls89PqPB91K93wOwH9TM-h9ipOq9aLhSiXtMZtFCnMp1g40KdN4htCB6LaDxVd5CFWb81tw/s320/JOINTS.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<b>Definition and the glenoid cavity of the scapula:</b><br />
The shoulder <a href="http://anatomyinfo.weebly.com/">joint</a> is a synovial ball and socket joint between the <a href="http://anatomyinfo.blog.com/">head</a> of the humerus<br />
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<b>Type:</b><br />
Synovial. Ball and socket. Multiaxial<br />
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<b>Ligaments:</b><br />
The shoulder joint is stabilized by a number of ligaments<br />
1. transverse humeral ligament<br />
2. coracohumeral ligament<br />
3. glenohumeral ligaments<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYU4kEDqtdrA6w_1s_Cht-JoDroQACDyTj62BSWcLQqO6MmwKmd2XX7ROWWW8F_Qnlp162BQ2k7DaHC4g2N787hDTnkZnDY2NVBpd9puoixWawNpLDFFL2WZeJUeSXp7vCb3QyUpzNxJ8/s1600/JOINTS2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYU4kEDqtdrA6w_1s_Cht-JoDroQACDyTj62BSWcLQqO6MmwKmd2XX7ROWWW8F_Qnlp162BQ2k7DaHC4g2N787hDTnkZnDY2NVBpd9puoixWawNpLDFFL2WZeJUeSXp7vCb3QyUpzNxJ8/s320/JOINTS2.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
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<b>Movements</b><br />
The shoulder joint allows movement in all directions:<br />
1. flexion<br />
2. extension<br />
3. abduction<br />
4. adduction<br />
5. medial<br />
6. rotation<br />
7. lateral rotation<br />
8. circumduction<br />
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<b>Elbow joint</b><br />
Type: synovial. Hinge<br />
Articular surfaces: trochlea of humerus with the trochlear notch of ulna, and capitulum of<br />
humerus with head of radius<br />
Ligaments: capsular, radial collateral and ulnar collateral<br />
Movement: Flexion and extension.<br />
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<b>Knee joint</b><br />
The knee joint is the largest synovial joint in the body. It consists of:<br />
1. the articulation between the femur and tibia<br />
2. the articulation between the patella and the femur<br />
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<b>External ligaments</b><br />
The main ligaments are-<br />
1. collateral ligaments<br />
2. cruciate ligaments<br />
3. popliteal ligaments<br />
4. patellar ligament<br />
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<b>Movements</b><br />
Possible movements at knee joint are flexion, extension, lateral rotation and medial<br />
rotation.<br />
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</div>sajolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03614417348000578758noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3610089260036311685.post-48217049918177117542011-10-11T01:24:00.000-07:002011-10-12T03:54:21.463-07:00KIDNEYS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvAwRPLGotbaCi0t88X8Z5YZbqCoG0R9WznQ7p81dacb0l0zhXeP6Y8eD74MbHjTnTed3WoO1BWF7l4tC_BAhsTF1dcRH4m6wjEj3KKKl-jlJIw0TmQAcu3sBwHIVvMaf-VDMPIr0tGq8/s1600/kidneys2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvAwRPLGotbaCi0t88X8Z5YZbqCoG0R9WznQ7p81dacb0l0zhXeP6Y8eD74MbHjTnTed3WoO1BWF7l4tC_BAhsTF1dcRH4m6wjEj3KKKl-jlJIw0TmQAcu3sBwHIVvMaf-VDMPIr0tGq8/s320/kidneys2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<b>The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped excretory organs in the posterior abdominal region.</b><br />
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<b>Position:</b><br />
The<a href="http://anatomyinfo.weebly.com/"> kidneys</a> are retroperitoneal in the posterior abdominal region, one on each side of the vertebra column. They extend from the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra to the 3rd lumber vertebra. The right <a href="http://anatomyinfo.blog.com/">kidney</a> is slightly lower than the left because of its relationship with the liver.<br />
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<b>Function of the kidneys:</b><br />
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Excretion of metabolic waste products and foreign chemicals by formation of urine<br />
Regulation of water and electrolyte balances<br />
Regulation of body fluid osmolality and electrolyte concentrations<br />
Regulation of arterial pressure<br />
Regulation of acid –base balance <br />
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<b>Measurement:</b><br />
Length: About 12cm<br />
Width: 6: cm<br />
Thickness: 3: cm<br />
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<b>EXTERNAL FEATURES</b><br />
Each kidney has:<br />
1. Two pales-upper and lower<br />
2. Two borders-medial and lateral <br />
3. Two borders – anterior and posterior<br />
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<b>Hilum</b><br />
Write short note on: Hilum of kidney.<br />
The hilum is a depression on the medial border border of the kidney. Internally, the hilum is continuous with the renal sinus.<br />
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<b>STRUCTURES SEEN IN THE HILUM</b><br />
The renal vain<br />
The renal artery<br />
Renal pelvis<br />
Lymph vessels<br />
Nerves.<br />
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<b>Renal pelvis:</b><br />
It is the funnel-shaped superior end of the ureter .<br />
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<b>RELATIONS OF THE KIDNEYS</b><br />
Each of the kidneys is associated with different groups of structures:<br />
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<b>RIGHT KIDNEY:</b><br />
Superiorly-the right adrenal gland<br />
Anteriorly-the right lobe of the liver, the duodenum and the hepatic flexure of the colon<br />
Posteriorly-the diaphragm, and muscles of the posterior abdominal wall.<br />
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<b>Left kidney:</b><br />
Superiorly-the left adrenal gland<br />
Anteriorly-the spleen , stomach , pancreas , jejunum and splenic flexure of the colon<br />
Posteriorly-the diaphragm and muscles of the posterior abdominal wall<br />
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</div>sajolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03614417348000578758noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3610089260036311685.post-56619108718540885072011-10-11T01:16:00.000-07:002011-10-12T03:59:18.020-07:00LUNGS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJg4D0qTQYhHK7l17LGjmxhgcIap3HUbpsmWwsrP18i_7nYfZtSlce74E53Cmau6vmoFv7AbYgtXyR_jkIvXk_m0Fb-maiAgmbY_5o7MIrrihtKypFAtLibS1xH0COAUI-BTADCMYnjhs/s1600/Lung2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJg4D0qTQYhHK7l17LGjmxhgcIap3HUbpsmWwsrP18i_7nYfZtSlce74E53Cmau6vmoFv7AbYgtXyR_jkIvXk_m0Fb-maiAgmbY_5o7MIrrihtKypFAtLibS1xH0COAUI-BTADCMYnjhs/s320/Lung2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<b>The<a href="http://anatomyinfo.weebly.com/"> lungs</a> are a pair of respiratory organs situated on either side of the mediastinum surrounded by the right and left pleural cavities</b><br />
<b>Features:</b><br />
<b>1. two surface:</b><br />
(a) Costal surface<br />
(b) Medial surface<br />
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<b>2.three borders:</b><br />
(a) Inferior border <br />
(b) Anterior border<br />
(c) Posterior border<br />
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<b>Root and hilum:</b><br />
The root of the lung is a short. Broad pedicle that connects the medial surface of the lung to the mediastinum. It is formed by<a href="http://anatomyinfo.blog.com/"> structures</a> which either enter or come out of the lung at the hilum.<br />
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<b>Right lung:</b><br />
The right lung has three lobes and two fissures<br />
The right lung is divided in to three lobes(superior, middle and inferior) by two fissures oblique and horizontal.<br />
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<b>The medial surface of the right lung is related to a number of important structures such as:</b><br />
1. Eparterial bronchus<br />
2. hyparterial bronchus<br />
3. superior pulmonary vein<br />
4. inferior pulmonary vein<br />
5. pulmonary artery<br />
6. pulmonary ligament<br />
7. oesophagus<br />
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<b>Left lung:</b><br />
Give a short anatomy of left lung<br />
The left lung is smaller be cause the heart occupies the space left of the midline.<br />
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<b>It has to lobes:</b><br />
Superior and inferior. Separated by an oblique fissure.<br />
1. the oblique fissure of the left lung is slightly more oblique than that of the right lung.<br />
2. lingual of left lung is a tongue-like extension from the lower part of the superior lobe. <br />
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<b>Major structures related to the left lung:</b><br />
The medial surface of the left lung is related to a number of important structures:<br />
1. the heart<br />
2. arch of the aorta(aortic arch)<br />
3. thoracic aorta<br />
4. oesophagus<br />
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</div>sajolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03614417348000578758noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3610089260036311685.post-15869651817771694182011-10-11T01:09:00.002-07:002011-10-12T04:01:24.170-07:00HEART<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2qEDtq3zdDJWq0i4hgvlIpxUhPxvH-nPIydivm-LYLf2cmUA9j45m0YV01I-pSoyQQUCNbIqxmPIRS8CpcQECTAc4Tp8jjQXav1ATxsfMNC8aSCbmovo6DTVNKuDlKfV8-dRBXfwN3Sg/s1600/HEART.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2qEDtq3zdDJWq0i4hgvlIpxUhPxvH-nPIydivm-LYLf2cmUA9j45m0YV01I-pSoyQQUCNbIqxmPIRS8CpcQECTAc4Tp8jjQXav1ATxsfMNC8aSCbmovo6DTVNKuDlKfV8-dRBXfwN3Sg/s320/HEART.gif" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<b>The heart is a conical hollow muscular organ.</b><br />
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<a href="http://anatomyinfo.blog.com/"><b>Position</b></a><br />
It is situated in the middle mediastinum.<br />
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<b>Structure of the heart</b><br />
*Anterior or sternocostal surface <br />
*Inferior or diaphragmatic surface<br />
*Posterior surface or base<br />
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<b> Borders of the heart</b><br />
1. Right border<br />
2. Inferior border, at the left extremity of which is the apex.<br />
3. Left border, which separates the anterior and left surfaces of the<a href="http://anatomyinfo.weebly.com/"> heart</a>.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxhZwldmLs3sf8NwiTKJ2xKAJHduIKQHBDeSs__HBT4CyqCbR2H1g3MtsKwDy-bECxMeyZrheG9sh3xbWAQSlO592honMCC_i5Cjz81kRoVKgAMZ9O2l3yWIJqbl9wkg7Z6ecz_GuAY5A/s1600/HEART2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxhZwldmLs3sf8NwiTKJ2xKAJHduIKQHBDeSs__HBT4CyqCbR2H1g3MtsKwDy-bECxMeyZrheG9sh3xbWAQSlO592honMCC_i5Cjz81kRoVKgAMZ9O2l3yWIJqbl9wkg7Z6ecz_GuAY5A/s320/HEART2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<b>Chambers of the heart</b><br />
Mention the different chambers of the heart.<br />
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<b>The heart has four chambers</b><br />
right and left atria, and right and left ventricles. The tissue separating the two atria is the interatrial septum, and the separating the two ventricles is the interventricular septum.<br />
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<b>Right atrium</b><br />
It is the right upper chamber of the heart. It receives venous blood from the whole body through three vessels :<br />
1. superior vena cava<br />
2. Inferior vena cava<br />
3. Coronary sinus, which returns blood from the walls of the heart itself.<br />
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<b>Right ventricle</b><br />
The right ventricle is a triangular chamber which receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs through the pulmonary trunk and pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries.<br />
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<b>Left atrium</b><br />
The left atrium is a quadrangular chamber situated posteriorly. It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through four pulmonary veins, and pumps it to the left ventricle through left atrioventricular orifice (mitral orifice).<br />
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<b>Valves of the heart</b><br />
Types of valves of the heart<br />
For maintaining unidirectional blood flow through the heart, it contains four valves in its orifice :<br />
1. tricuspid<br />
2. pulmonary<br />
3. mitral<br />
4. aortic<br />
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</div>sajolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03614417348000578758noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3610089260036311685.post-29018595954113669452011-10-11T01:04:00.000-07:002011-10-12T04:02:02.993-07:00HOME<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDNDVrZftYYrN3ghFA1Q7T8pvu0G9OvpC2HlJok_SjXkWIEvOuF1lJOi41_0feCmUvbdhdtUhAKiMP9patMdt2YX-Hwr56gkmjV1uoCXbx6UD0LTSn6RGmdQIM-IXueqmLyH7TAbDfNMM/s1600/HOME+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDNDVrZftYYrN3ghFA1Q7T8pvu0G9OvpC2HlJok_SjXkWIEvOuF1lJOi41_0feCmUvbdhdtUhAKiMP9patMdt2YX-Hwr56gkmjV1uoCXbx6UD0LTSn6RGmdQIM-IXueqmLyH7TAbDfNMM/s320/HOME+2.jpg" width="264" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieRH8LsT1Qq7d0xGXEWeff-b0-rGeqjtcdPup2zfhQdt7bshnW309YVdcCnK2qXpf4xijmfFbdDY-XkZNyAT_GkkOsM27zpfrnbN4Ie0jDGxU1gn5UZbUO3qWTYrqcwUoWGY-1z5WmybM/s1600/HOME.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br />
</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieRH8LsT1Qq7d0xGXEWeff-b0-rGeqjtcdPup2zfhQdt7bshnW309YVdcCnK2qXpf4xijmfFbdDY-XkZNyAT_GkkOsM27zpfrnbN4Ie0jDGxU1gn5UZbUO3qWTYrqcwUoWGY-1z5WmybM/s1600/HOME.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br />
</a></div>The term <a href="http://anatomyinfo.blog.com/">anatomy</a> is derived from the greek words meaning “to cat apart”<br />
Because in anatomical studies the human body or its parts are dissected (cut up) to be axamined.<br />
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<b>Definition of anatomy:</b><br />
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body parts and their relationships to one another<br />
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<b>Subdivisions of anatomy:</b><br />
Anatomy is a broad field with many subdivision<br />
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<b>Gross macroscopic of anatomy:</b><br />
gross or macroscopic anatomy is the large <a href="http://anatomyinfo.weebly.com/">body</a> structures visible to the naked eye.<br />
Such as the heart. lungs and kidneys.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieRH8LsT1Qq7d0xGXEWeff-b0-rGeqjtcdPup2zfhQdt7bshnW309YVdcCnK2qXpf4xijmfFbdDY-XkZNyAT_GkkOsM27zpfrnbN4Ie0jDGxU1gn5UZbUO3qWTYrqcwUoWGY-1z5WmybM/s1600/HOME.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieRH8LsT1Qq7d0xGXEWeff-b0-rGeqjtcdPup2zfhQdt7bshnW309YVdcCnK2qXpf4xijmfFbdDY-XkZNyAT_GkkOsM27zpfrnbN4Ie0jDGxU1gn5UZbUO3qWTYrqcwUoWGY-1z5WmybM/s320/HOME.jpg" width="220" /></a></div><br />
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<b>Regional anatomy:</b><br />
regional anatomy is the study of all the structures (muscles. bores. blood vessels. nerves etc) in a particular region of the body. Such as the abdomen or leg. are examined at the same time.<br />
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<b>Systemic anatomy:</b><br />
systemic anatomy is the study of the structure of the body system by system.<br />
For example. when studying the cardiovascular system. you would examine the heart and the blood vessels of the entire body<br />
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<b>Surface anatomy:</b><br />
surface anatomy is the study of the internal structures as relates to the overlying skin surface.<br />
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<b>Radiographic anatomy:</b><br />
radiographic anatomy is the study of the internal structures as visualized by x-ray images or specialized scanning procedures.<br />
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<b>The language of anatomy:</b><br />
In order to achieve uniformity of description a set of terms are used to describe anatomy that have precise meaning. Use of these terms assumes the body in the anatomical position<br />
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<b>Anatomical position:</b><br />
anatomical position is a standard body position in which the palms facing forwards and the feet only slightly apart. <br />
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</div>sajolhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03614417348000578758noreply@blogger.com0